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The Maillard reaction and Amadori rearrangement
The Maillard reactionThe Maillard reaction is a complex set of chemical reactions between amines and carbonyl compounds such as sugars to ultimately form Amadori products.The following scheme shows a...
View ArticleWhat are Signature Peptides
What are Signature Peptides?Signature peptides are unique tags or biomarkers, detected as molecular markers or as unique sequence tags. Signature peptides are useful tools for biomarker discovery and...
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Can single messenger RNAs (mRNAs) be tracked inside live cells?
Can single messenger RNAs (mRNA) be tracked inside live cells?The answer is yes!In recent years, single-cell biology has revealed that each cell is unique. However, single cells can vary significantly...
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TRF Analysis of Telomeres using BNA Probes
In aging humans, the length of telomeres declines in dividing cells. Each time cells divide, telomeres can get shorter. When the telomeres are too short, the cells can no longer divide. The cells...
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BNAs as Tools for DNA or RNA Targeting
Bridged Nucleic Acids (BNAs) can be used as tools for DNA or RNA targeting! Synthetic oligonucleotides have emerged as imported and established tools in the life sciences enabling many applications in...
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CRISPR Screening, Myomixer, Skeletal Muscle, and single-guide RNAs
Myomixer, a micropeptide, controls formation of skeletal muscle. Recently the fusogenic micropeptide called myomixer was found to control the formation of mammalian skeletal muscles.Researchers at the...
View ArticleWeb resources for the CRISPR Cas System
Drosophila CRISPR Web ResourcesName LinkDescriptionOxfCRISPR(Liu Lab)http://www.oxfcrispr.orgOxford Fly CRISPR ResourcesCRISPRflydesign (Bullock Lab)http://www.crisprflydesign.org/Offers Cas9...
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Structural Models of the CRISPR Cas System
As of December 2013 90 solved structures were available in the PubMed structural database related to the CRISPR Cas System! A few these models are shown below!A PubMed search for “CRISPR Cas” showed...
View ArticleBNA Gapmers revert splicing and reduce RNA foci
BNANCgapmers revert splicing defects in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) cells. DM1 is a multisystemic disease caused by an expanded CTG repeat in the 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of the dystrophia...
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BNA Application Overview
The Bridged Nucleic Acid 2',4'-BNANC (2'-O,4'-aminoethylene bridged nucleic acid) is a molecule that contains a six-membered bridged structure with an N-O linkage. This novel nucleic acid analog can be...
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Analysis of Proteins and Peptides
The following contains a list of techniques for the analysis of proteins and peptides with protein identification or protein sequence analysis as the final step. Most of these methods have been used...
View ArticleHow to minimize sample losses
Low concentrations of biological samples is one of the largest challenges encountered when attempting to structurally characterize biomolecules such as lipids, oligonucleotides, peptides and proteins....
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KRAS alleles and Cancer
The RAS gene family is one of the most studied and best characterized cancer-related genes (Arrington et al. 2012). KRAS is one of the three RAS isoforms that is the most frequently altered or mutated...
View ArticleCustom Aptamer Synthesis
Aptamers are nucleic acid sequences or single-stranded oligonucleotides with selected sequences that specifically fold and bind to selected molecules or targets. The single strand of an aptamer folds...
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PEDF and Stem Cell Fate
Recently, in 2015, a research group reported that PEDF is a determinant of stem cell fate. The research group published an overview of our present understanding how PEDF and PEDF peptides regulate...
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Specific labeling of RNA
Structured small RNAs natural, labeled or modified with nonstandard nucleotides can all be custom synthesized. These types of RNA are very useful and of high interest for structural and functional...
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Carbamylation in aging and disease
Carbamylation or homocitrullination is a post-translational modification (PTM) known for many years in the context of uremia, a metabolic disorder caused by the accumulation of waste products in the...
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Minor Groove Binders or MGBs
Minor Groove Binders or MGBs are crescent-shaped molecules that selectively bind non-covalently to the minor groove of DNA, a shallow furrow in the DNA helix. Binding to DNA with specific sequences...
View ArticleMinor Groove Binder Oligonucleotides
MGB oligonucleotide probesOligonucleotides conjugated to MGB molecules are known to form stable duplexes with single-stranded DNA targets. The addition of MGBs to DNA probes allows the design of...
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Minor Groove Binder Phosphoramidites
Minor groove binder (MGB) phosphoramidites are new tools that allow adding the MGB moiety dihydropyrroloindole-carboxylate (CDPI3) to the 3’- or 5’-end of oligonucleotides. MGB phosphoramidites can be...
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